The United States invented the technology of resurrection, and human beings are expected to live forever? Why do some people say this is a crime?
Release time：2023-03-23 20:09:01 source：korpimaankyynel.com author：Climate
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The United States invented the technology of resurrection, and human beings are expected to live forever? Why do some people say this is a crime?
What would the world be like if people could be resurrected from the dead? There may be no more death, and human beings will live forever. Plants that "resurrect from the dead", however, come back to life only in fairy tales, and in real life, people often cannot be resurrected from the dead. However, a group of scientists in the United States have really achieved "resurrection", reviving pig organs that have been dead for a period of time. If this technology continues to develop, it will really bring people back to life. However, is it really good to resurrect the dead? Can the dead come back to life?
"resurrected" pig brain
Brain death is medically defined as true death, because after brain death, all human activities cannot be carried out, among which including breathing. Without breathing, the cells in the body cannot perform aerobic respiration and synthesize energy. Under normal circumstances, if the body is deprived of oxygen for more than 15 minutes, all cells of the organism will irreversibly die. So Nenad Sestan, a professor of medicine from Yale University, successfully "resurrected" a pig's brain by injecting additional fluid after it died. The brain determines our life and death This experiment was carried out in 2019. At that time, the pig had been dead for 4 hours, and the body had already cooled down. According to the general process, dragging it to the slaughterhouse is not new. It was such a cool pig, but a part of its body was resurrected by Sestan. Sestein poured a special fluid into the pig's brain, after which the pig's brain cells began to rejuvenate. It didn't take long for the brain to return to its fresh appearance, as if it had just been taken out of a pig's head. Imagine, after the pig dies, using this liquid to "reanimate" its vital organs, isn't this equivalent to resurrecting the whole pig? Professor Nenad Sestein said that if this liquid is used on people, people can also be resurrected. Three years after the pig brain "resurrection" experiment, Professor Sestein published an article in the journal Nature. In it, he talks about the "resurrection" of organs and the future prospects of this technology. So, what exactly is the liquid that Professor Sestein injected into the pig organs? Can this technology really bring the dead back to life? The pigs used in the experimentMysterious Resurrection Fluid
According to Professor Sestein's paper, his technique for reviving pig brains is called OrganEx perfusion fluid. The main component is human body. Hemoglobin and blood are mixed in a 1:1 ratio. Because after brain death, the body's cells mainly die of hypoxia, and human hemoglobin can carry more oxygen, which is equivalent to supplying oxygen to the hypoxic cells. However, mammalian cells cannot be rescued after 15 minutes of hypoxia. Why can the pig brain be "resurrected" after he uses OrganEx perfusion solution? The original OrganEx perfusion solution of hemoglobin is only one of the OrganEx technology. In addition to injecting this liquid, simulation technology is also required to restore the body's blood circulation and cardiopulmonary function. The real difficulty is not in the perfusate, but in the system. In layman's terms, Sestan removed the pig's brain and put it into another "live pig", using the external supply of oxygen to make it re-energized. Looking at it this way, it seems that this is not a resurrection, but more like an organ transplant, except that the object of the transplant is not a real object, but a simulation system. Human blood circulation Regarding OrganEx technology, currently only Nenad Sestan is at the forefront, and there is very little information about it. Zhang Shupei, a medical doctor from Yale University, added an explanation to Seitans' experiment. She said that the OrganEx technology was improved on the ECMO technology. It was originally about how to keep the organ loss to a minimum during the organ transplantation process. The traditional ECMO technology simply uses oxygen perfusion, which will cause reperfusion injury to cells. Using OrganEx technology, it is possible to reduce cell damage and even achieve cell proliferation in some organs. This technology has been supported by colleagues, and many surgical experts said that this technology will have a profound impact on future organ transplantation. Sestan's pig brain experiment has a special term in academia called BrainEx, however, it was this BrainEx that caused the uproar behind. ECMO Technology in Organ TransplantationThe "Resurrection" Debate
Harvard's Jen Soo-hyun believes that BrainEx technology may make the current organ transplant system controversial Sex, if you delay the transplant time, it is breaking the law. Ren Xiuxian, who specializes in medical and ethical research, mentioned that, in medicine, judging a person's death is based on brain death. However, the definition of brain death is very vague, especially when a person suffers an accident and suffers severe brain damage, but still does not have brain death, it does not meet the definition of brain death. Therefore, there are two criteria for evaluating organ transplantation. The first organ donation is brain death, which is the most normal death in the medical sense. The second is circulatory death, which occurs 2 to 5 minutes after the heart stops beating. The reason for the definition of death is that there is a prime time to remove organs, and the faster the removal, the higher the probability of successful transplantation. If BrainEx technology is used, the brain will remain alive forever, and there will be no more brain death. Without brain death, transplants are nonsense. If the brain does not die, human beings will not die. As many people think of "resurrection from the dead", experts in the medical field agree that if this technology keeps the human brain or, to a certain extent, people will always be alive. kind of eternal life. But what is the point of such immortality? It's like being a vegetable. Some people would think that if every organ of a human being is resurrected using OrganEx, can a human be resurrected? In fact, as long as the brain is alive, other organs in the body are theoretically alive, and there is no need to revive other organs. In addition, there is an essential difference between the brain being alive and the whole person being alive. There are many definitions of living, such as living like a walking dead, living vigorously, and so on. What is a vegetative pig brain "resurrection" experiment caused a huge shock in the American academic circles, Nita Farahani, an expert in law and philosophy at Duke University, published an article specifically on this pig brain experiment. She wrote in the article To this end, organ transplants should be donor-centred rather than prioritizing the value of the transplant. To put it bluntly, if the donor does not meet the conditions for organ removal, then we cannot forcibly remove it or remove it early because of a hurry, because this is also a violation of the law. This is a dilemma, both organ donors and organ recipients are human, and they should have their rights as human beings. However, it seems difficult to achieve the best of both worlds when it comes to organ transplantation. Organ donors should be higher than the value of organsResurrection and immortality
Although the pig brain "resurrection" experiment is not directly related to human immortality, this matter is still It sparked a discussion about the resurrection of the dead. The known "resurrection from the dead" is a human cryogenic technology, which uses liquid nitrogen to rapidly cool the human body at minus 180°C to prevent ice crystals from piercing cells and tissues. It is then refrigerated in liquid nitrogen until it is awakened in the future. In fact, for the frozen individual, he or she is not dead, and cryonics needs to be frozen before brain death, which is equivalent to freezing the state of the human body at the moment before death. Human cryonics currently does not have any wake-up technology, so the current cryonics is a large ice coffin, and it is still very expensive. The earliest cryoman was planned to be awakened in 2017, but did not reach that technology, so the cryo will be extended. Human cryogenic technology is time-consuming and energy-consuming, and it cannot be interrupted in the middle, otherwise it will all be foam. If humanity were to suffer an energy crisis before the awakening technology was developed, all these frozen people would be abandoned. Cryonics are very energy-intensive. There is also a fantasy of immortality in medicine, which is to repair the telomeres of chromosomes. Telomeres are a sign of the limit of human lifespan. When telomeres shorten to a certain length, they will no longer shorten, which also means that cells stop dividing. Humans can multiply indefinitely during the embryonic period, because telomerase is also present at this time, which repairs our shortened telomeres. But the differentiation begins, people have a longevity, the synthesis of telomerase stops, and the shortening of telomeres begins to count down. If human beings can repair their own telomeres, the division of human cells will be endless, and human lifespan will be extended indefinitely, and finally become immortal. Naturally, there is one kind of cell that can do it, and that is cancer cells that everyone can beat. Immortal cancer cells Yes, cancer cells are immortal. If human beings are immortal, will we become the cancer cells of the earth?- Last：Unusual volcanic activity in Iceland raises questions
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